Advanced research in computational and ecological chemistry, identification of technological procedures for treatment, formation of water quality and quantity (ECOAQUA)

Summary of the activity and results obtained in 2024

In the current research, 12 carbon composite samples were produced, 6 of which were impregnated with metal salts and activated in a fluidized bed, tested for metal ion retention stability and catalytic studies regarding hydrogen peroxide decomposition. The composites impregnated with MnCl2 and activated at 1000°C showed the best results in metal ion adsorption. The composites obtained from walnut shells demonstrated a favorable cost-efficiency ratio for water treatment applications. The optimization of the impregnation and activation process was proposed to improve the performance of the catalytic materials.

In collaboration with local authorities and S.A. Apa-Canal Hancesti, water purification technologies were developed to improve water quality. Another significant study was conducted on the isotopic composition of surface and groundwater to assess water resource formation in the context of climate change. The results showed significant variability of isotopes in the Prut River, with rivers being supplied by groundwater during dry periods. Chemical analyses revealed non-compliance with national water quality standards.

Advanced technologies were proposed to improve the processes of nitrification and denitrification, using IFAS (Integrated Fixed-film Activated Sludge) and biofilters with a biological film. The results demonstrated significant success in nitrogen removal and water quality improvement, especially at low temperatures. At the same time, processes of struvite precipitation and other forms of phosphate were studied, with pH optimization and the addition of Mg2+ and NH4+ identified as essential factors for efficient phosphorus recovery.

The thermodynamic model developed for improving wastewater treatment processes demonstrated remarkable efficiency in nitrogen and phosphorus removal and recovery, as well as improved nitrification and denitrification. Experimental results confirmed the efficiency of ammonia and phosphorus recovery and struvite crystal formation. Thermodynamic modeling clarified the crystallization mechanisms of struvite, correlated with precipitation and prevailing conditions.

The structure of the L-carnitine molecule was optimized, demonstrating its importance in the metabolism of mammals, plants, and bacteria. The effects of antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and gallic acid, which stabilize free radicals and prevent cellular damage, were also analyzed. Photolysis studies confirmed the stability of vitamin B12 in natural waters, promoting the conversion of cyanocobalamin to hydroxocobalamin. Studies on vitamin B6 pollution showed its negative impact on the self-purification capacity of water bodies. Additionally, optimal catalysts for polyphenol oxidation were identified, and the oxidation of gallic acid demonstrated a significant reduction in COD and substrate concentration.

Research on the extraction of active ingredients from natural sources revealed the ideal conditions for obtaining propolis extracts with high antioxidant activity. DDD (double dielectric discharge) technology showed promising prospects for treating natural and industrial waters.

Research on the antioxidant activity of compounds from grapes and wine highlighted the influence of the reaction environment, offering valuable perspectives for environmental protection and pharmaceutical applications.